A substance that binds to a receptor and activates it.
A substance that binds to a receptor and blocks it
Protein that is formed in the body, recognizes foreign proteins, binds to them and eliminates them or the microorganism they are a constituent of.
Active pharmaceutical ingredient. The substance in a finished drug that has a pharmacological effect.
The immune system attacks wrongly the body’s own proteins.
Study of biological systems with the help of databases and software that analyze large quantities of data.
Thrombocytes. Blood cells important for the blood clothing process.
Bile salt stimulated lipase. An enzyme that digests fat.
Refers to the circulation system – heart and blood vessels.
Candidate drug. A chemical compound that has shown good drug activity in model systems and that has not yet been tested in humans.
Treatment of cancer with cytotoxic or cytostatic compounds.
Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting.
Investigation of the effects of a pharmaceutical compound in humans. Is divided into three phases: phase I refers to limited studies of the compound in healthy volunteers, phase II refers to studies in smaller and phase III in larger groups of patients.
Contract manufacturing organization. Company that offers large-scale drug production on behalf of pharmaceutical companies.
The clothing of blood.
A signaling molecule produced during stress and affecting glucose and lipid metabolism.
Contract research organization. A company that specializes in conducting clinical trials on behalf of other pharmaceutical companies.
An inherited disease characterized by a malfunction in the mucus producing glands in the body. They produce a too viscous mucus that affects primarily lungs and stomach with breathing difficulties, lung infections and impairments of food digestion as a result.
Biological signaling substance in the inflammatory system.
A protein that enables rapid chemical reactions in the body.
A type of cell that surrounds and protects organs in the body.
Method for continuous cultivation of cells for protein production.
Finished product. A drug in its final form.
An eye disease characterized by a gradual loss of sight that may lead to blindness.
A simple sugar that is formed as a result of food digestion. Patients with diabetes have a reduced ability to make use of glucose and therefore often have elevated levels of glucose in the blood.
Good manufacturing practice. A standardized set of routines for safe drug production.
Hemolytic disease of the newborn. A condition appearing in the newborn child due to a situation where the mother has developed antibodies against the Rhesus-D factor.
The subject of the constituents, structure and function of the blood.
Destruction of red blood cells, erythrocytes.
Bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in coagulation factor VIII.
Bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in coagulation factor IX.
Heparin induced thrombosis. Thrombosis caused by a immune reaction to the pharmaceutical heparin.
Cell used as a host for an artificially introduced DNA molecule, which in turn controls the production of a particular protein.
High throughput screening. A method to test the effect of a large number of compounds on a target protein. An HTS facility can test thousands of different substances a day.
A biological experiment performed in a test tube, culture dish or the like.
An experiment or a test of a compound in an experimental animal.
When a company buys a project or a compound for further development.
A naturally occurring protein that is important to the immune system.
An inflammatory signaling substance, a cytokine.
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura. A bleeding disorder caused by abnormally low levels of platelets in the blood depending on an autoimmune reaction.
Cell that participates in the formation of the outer layer of the skin.
The process that leads to the selection of a single chemical compound, out of a large collection, for further development into a CD.
The process when the drug properties of a compound are improved by chemical modification.
A hormone produced in adipose tissue and signaling to the brain.
Enzyme that breaks down lipids. BSSL is such an enzyme.
Cell from a mammal, e.g. man.
The turnover, i.e., the break down and transformation of substances entering the body with food.
Originating from microorganisms such as bacteria or blastomycetes.
An antibody that has been extracted from a homogeneous population of cells. Antibodies that have been extracted in this way recognize and bind specifically to only one protein.
Disease with deletions in the nerves.
Via the mouth.
Drugs intended for the treatment of serious diseases with a prevalence of 5/10,000 individuals within EU or which without stimulating measures are unlikely to be developed since sales revenues would not generate sufficient return to motivate the costs for the necessary investments in research.
A form of collaboration where another company takes over the development process for a candidate drug.
PTH. Regulates the calcium and phosphate levels in the body.
Small proteins that often have an impact on cell signaling.
A method in which organs or cells are exposed to chemicals that are used in the production of proteins.
The effect a drug has on an organism, e.g. the human body.
The effect the body has on a drug, e.g. metabolism or secretion.
A production facility for protein drugs used in clinical trials.
An antibody that has been extracted from a non-homogeneous population of cells. Antibodies that has been extracted in this way recognize and bind specifically to several protein.
The phase of drug development that precedes the clinical phase. Includes among other things lead-generation, lead-optimization and selection of CD.
Products directed toward major common diseases, are used by very large groups of patients, and are prescribed by general practitioners.
Proof that a chemical compound really has the sought drug effect. Is tested on a smaller set of patients.
Proof that a chemical compound really has the sought drug effect in a model for the true disease. Can be tested in experimental animals or in patients.
An endogenous local hormone functionally important in the control of inflammation.
Drug in the form of a protein, e.g., antibodies. Unlike small molecule drugs, protein drugs are usually not taken as pills but must be given as injections.
Study of the proteome, all the proteins produced by an organism. Man has hundreds of thousands of proteins. Identifying individual proteins requires special technology, such as 2D gel chromatography or mass spectrometry.
Research and development.
A protein that binds a chemical signal substance (e.g., hormone, growth factor, neurotransmitter) and thereby starts a specific biochemical reaction in the cell.
Artificially genetically modified.
A protein factor that is present in most humans and is used in the system for determination of blood groups.
Chronic inflammation of the joints.
Ability to discriminate between different target proteins.
A membrane protein that recognizes serotonin (5-HT).
A state of disease that occurs when parathyroid hormone is overproduced in connection to dialysis treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease.
Substance in the body that transports information between different cells or organs. In the brain there are many types of signal molecules that carry signals between nerve cells.
Compounds that consist of up to about a hundred atoms and that can be chemically synthesized; medicines in tablet form belong to this type.
Drugs directed towards small patient groups, and that are primarily prescribed by a relatively small number of specialists.
A functional protein in the body towards which a drug is directed to bring about a medically positive effect. Examples of target proteins are enzymes and receptors.
A protein that participates in the coagulation cascade.
Unscheduled blood clothing inside a blood vessel.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha. An inflammatory signal substance, a cytokine.
The study of poisonous effects of chemical compounds on organisms.
A system in the eye through which a surplus of aqueous humor is drained.
Fat
